Teknik Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Berbasis HOTS Mengacu pada Taksonomi Anderson & Krathwohl: Studi Kepustakaan 2015–2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57008/jjp.v6i01.2132Keywords:
HOTS; Taksonomi Anderson & Krathwohl, Instrumen Penilaian, Pengembangan InstrumenAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji teknik pengembangan instrumen penilaian berbasis Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) yang mengacu pada Taksonomi Anderson & Krathwohl melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap publikasi ilmiah tahun 2015–2025. Metode yang digunakan adalah library research dengan menelaah artikel jurnal, buku ilmiah, prosiding, dan laporan penelitian yang relevan menggunakan prosedur seleksi literatur sistematis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan instrumen HOTS umumnya mengikuti model ADDIE dan Borg & Gall, serta menempatkan konstruksi indikator berbasis level kognitif C4–C6 sebagai fondasi utama. Validasi instrumen dilakukan melalui penilaian ahli dan uji empiris, meskipun kedalaman integrasi antara proses kognitif dan dimensi pengetahuan belum konsisten dalam seluruh penelitian. Selain itu, pendekatan psikometrik modern seperti model Rasch masih jarang digunakan, sehingga menghasilkan variasi kualitas reliabilitas dan validitas instrumen. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pengembangan instrumen berbasis HOTS terus berkembang namun membutuhkan penguatan integrasi teori taksonomi serta penerapan analisis psikometrik yang lebih komprehensif. Temuan ini memberikan arahan bagi penelitian selanjutnya untuk memperluas penggunaan pendekatan autentik dan teknologi digital dalam asesmen HOTS.
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